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Abstract


It is a very well known aspect of the National Struggle that Mustafa Kemal visited many influential religious leaders, or wrote letters to them to obtain their support for the National Struggle. In the delicate circumstances of those years, Bektāshī and ÜAlawī leaders could not Be excluded. Indeed Mustafa Kemal also visited them in HacıBektaş township on 23 DecemBer 1919 and exchanged letters/telegrams with them. The sticking point here is that his visit and letters/telegrams were and have continued to Be interpreted by some present-day Bektāshī and Alawī writers as open sign of mutual approval of each other’s ideals. But it is obvious that although there was no specific mention of collective support or opposition from any given group, nearly all Sufi orders and not just the Bektashis supported the National Struggle. Opposition against the national movement and the subsequent reforms was mostly on the personal level or limited to small groups. More importantly, many recent partisan and non-academic works claim that Bektashi support for the National Struggle was actually support for the subversion of the Ottoman dynasty, and that therefore, the Bektashi fully supported both the National Struggle and the reforms introduced afterwards. I have tried to prove that these claims are wrong.
National Struugle of Turkey, Sufi orders, Bektashis, Reactions against Reforms, modernism and Sufi orders.

Keywords

National Struugle of Turkey, Sufi orders, Bektashis, Reactions against Reforms, modernism and Sufi orders.

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